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Mount Vesuvius Eruption Turns Brain Into Glass

A 2,000-year-old discovery has revealed that a man's brain was turned to glass-like material after being exposed to extreme heat during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The victim, found in the ancient city of Herculaneum, suffered vitrification - transformation into glass - due to rapid exposure to high temperatures and subsequent cooling. Researchers have confirmed the glass nature of the fragments through analysis.

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Research Roundup: 7 Cool Science Stories From February Δ1.68

February showcased a variety of fascinating scientific breakthroughs, including the discovery of a 3,500-year-old tomb, the secrets behind boiling the perfect egg, and insights into the navigation abilities of sea turtles. Researchers utilized advanced techniques such as X-ray imaging and machine learning to unravel the mysteries of ancient scrolls, while studies on Pollock's paintings provided new perspectives on artistic perception. This month's roundup highlights the intersection of science, history, and art, demonstrating the diverse ways in which inquiry continues to enrich our understanding of the world.

Unlocking the Minds of Our Ancestors: Prehistoric Bone Tool Cache Reveals Advanced Reasoning in Early Hominins Δ1.68

A recent discovery at the T69 Complex in Olduvai Gorge has uncovered a cache of prehistoric bone tools that suggest early hominins had advanced cognitive abilities. The 27 identified specimens show signs of intentional flake removal, shaping, and modification, indicating precise anatomical knowledge and understanding of bone morphology. This finding challenges traditional views on the development of human technology and highlights the significance of early hominin innovation.

Mars' Polar Ice Cap Moves Inward Δ1.68

The orbiters that carried the radar hardware have observed changes in Mars' gravity, indicating a slow movement of its polar ice cap inward by less than 0.13 millimeters per year. This suggests that the Martian interior is relatively viscous and cold, consistent with a crust dominated by radioactive elements rather than deeper heat sources. The models also indicate that the polar ice cap is less than 10 million years old.

Cyclone Garance Brings Destruction to French Island of La Reunion Δ1.67

The cyclone made landfall in the north of the Indian Ocean island, causing widespread damage and disruption. Cyclone Garance brought strong winds that blew away roofs, cut power, and left many residents without access to drinking water. The storm has also disrupted essential services and transportation.

Attack on Iran's Nuclear Sites Would Contaminate Gulf Water Supply, Qatar PM Says Δ1.66

Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani has warned that an attack on Iran's nuclear facilities would "entirely contaminate" the waters of the Gulf and threaten life in Qatar, the UAE, and Kuwait. The three desert states rely on desalinated water from the Gulf for their only supply of potable water, leaving them vulnerable to contamination. An attack on Iran's nuclear sites could have catastrophic consequences for the region, potentially killing millions and causing widespread devastation.

Earthquake Hits Hollywood as Stars Gather for Oscars Afterparty Δ1.66

A magnitude 3.9 earthquake struck Hollywood during the Vanity Fair afterparty following the Oscars, causing a brief moment of panic among attendees. The quake's epicenter was located in North Hollywood, just a few miles from the Dolby Theatre, and while no injuries or significant damage were reported, witnesses described a palpable sense of fear as buildings swayed. This incident highlights the ongoing seismic activity in Southern California, as the region has experienced numerous minor quakes recently.

Avalanche Hits Indian Mountain State Trapping 41 Δ1.66

At least 41 people remain trapped under snow after an avalanche struck the Indian Himalayan mountain state of Uttarakhand, authorities said on Friday, following recent heavy snowfall in the region. The avalanche occurred near a highway in the state's Chamoli region, adjoining Tibet, and less than 5 km from the Hindu temple of Badrinath. At least sixteen workers had so far been rescued, but the search for the remaining three was ongoing due to rain and snowfall hindering rescue work.

Argentina Floods Kill At Least 10 In Bahia Blanca Port City Δ1.66

Severe flooding in Bahia Blanca, Argentina, triggered by heavy rainfall, has resulted in at least 10 fatalities and significant destruction, including collapsed roads and bridges. Over 260 millimeters of rain fell in just a few hours, prompting extensive evacuations and the deployment of military resources to assist affected residents. The Argentine government has allocated 10 billion pesos in financial aid to support recovery efforts in the port city, which houses around 300,000 people.

Indian Slums Get 'Cool Roofs' To Combat Extreme Heat Δ1.66

In Ahmedabad, India, a project has commenced to paint the roofs of 400 households in informal settlements with a reflective white coating, aiming to reduce indoor temperatures as extreme heat becomes increasingly prevalent. This initiative is part of a global scientific trial investigating the impact of indoor heat on health and economic outcomes, particularly in developing countries. Early participants report significant improvements in living conditions, including lower electricity bills and better sleep quality, as they benefit from the cooler interior temperatures.

Climate Change Awareness Grows in Americans Δ1.66

A new survey has found increasing knowledge about specific health harms from climate change among Americans, with 37% able to identify at least one danger. Growing awareness of well-researched threats to human health is reflected in increased understanding of coal and natural gas impacts on health, while concerns over wind and solar power remain. Despite claims that these energy sources are harmful, the survey suggests a growing recognition of climate change's effects on public health.

What Is Vishing? Voice Phishing Is Surging - Expert Tips on How to Spot It and Stop It Δ1.66

Vishing has become a prevalent tactic for cybercriminals, with 442% increase in attacks compared to the first half of 2024, according to CrowdStrike's latest report. The security firm tracked at least six campaigns involving attackers posing as IT staffers to convince employees to set up remote support sessions or share sensitive information. Help desk social engineering tactics are often used, where scammers create a sense of urgency to trick victims into divulging credentials.

Rescue Operation Ends with Helicopter Airlift Saves 71-Year-Old Woman Δ1.65

A US Coast Guard rescue swimmer was lowered to pull the woman as high waters rose around the car. A helicopter was used to lower the swimmer towards the car and hoist the woman to safety. The rescue operation was complicated by the hazardous location of the vehicle, which was stuck on a rock ledge in the middle of the McKenzie River.

Protecting Yourself From Vishing Attacks Surged 442% Last Year Δ1.65

Vishing attacks have skyrocketed, with CrowdStrike tracking at least six campaigns in which attackers pretended to be IT staffers to trick employees into sharing sensitive information. The security firm's 2025 Global Threat Report revealed a 442% increase in vishing attacks during the second half of 2024 compared to the first half. These attacks often use social engineering tactics, such as help desk social engineering and callback phishing, to gain remote access to computer systems.

ECB Dodges Payment Disaster in 10 Hours of Tech Meltdown Δ1.65

The European Central Bank's recent payment crisis could have had catastrophic consequences if not resolved quickly. The root cause of the issue was identified after hours of work by technicians, who eventually fixed the problem to prevent widespread disruptions. Fortunately, the system's backup mechanisms kicked in just in time to avoid a major disaster.

AI Thinks It Cracked Kryptos. The Artist Behind It Says No Chance Δ1.65

For 35 years, amateur and professional cryptographers have tried to crack the code on Kryptos, a majestic sculpture that sits behind CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia. In the 1990s, the CIA, NSA, and a Rand Corporation computer scientist independently came up with translations for three of the sculpture’s four panels of scrambled letters. But the final segment, known as K4, was encoded with knottier techniques and remains unsolved, fueling the obsession of thousands of would-be cryptanalysts.

The Psychological Power of Ambiguous Images Δ1.65

Ambiguous images, such as the classic duck-rabbit illusion, have been used to supposedly reveal aspects of a person's personality, but there is no concrete scientific evidence to support their accuracy. Research has found some intriguing correlations between perceptions of these images and various sociological or psychological characteristics, but further study is needed to confirm these findings. The study of ambiguous images also reflects the complex ways in which our brains process visual information.

Russian Missile Attack on Ukrainian Hotel Leaves Trail of Destruction and Devastation Δ1.65

A Russian missile attack on a hotel in Ukraine's central city of Kryvyi Rih has left two people dead and 29 injured, many seriously hurt. Emergency personnel worked through the night to rescue those trapped under rubble, with 14 people rescued from the debris. The hotel suffered heavy damage, with smoke billowing from the top floor and virtually all its windows blown out.

Cyclone Looms as Aussie Staple Disappears From Shop Shelves Δ1.65

Panic buying has struck supermarkets across South East Queensland amid forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Alfred crossing the east coast, leaving shelves bare of essential items like bottled water, eggs, milk, and bread. Supermarkets are struggling to keep up with demand for these staples, leading some customers to resort to panic buying in preparation for possible supply outages ahead of the category 1 system intensifying off the coast. As the cyclone approaches, residents are being urged to prepare for intense rainfall and damaging winds.

Colossal CEO Ben Lamm Says Humanity Has a 'Moral Obligation' To Pursue De-Extinction Tech Δ1.65

Colossal CEO Ben Lamm emphasized the need for humanity to invest in de-extinction technologies, citing the failure of modern conservation efforts and the potential benefits of bringing back extinct species. The company aims to use genetic editing techniques to revive the wooly mammoth, dodo bird, and Tasmanian tiger, among others. Lamm also expressed his optimism about the future, predicting significant advancements in synthetic biology and its applications.

Cyclone Alfred Downgraded as Millions of Australians Stay Indoors Δ1.64

Ex-tropical cyclone Alfred has been downgraded to a tropical low as it approaches the southeast Australian coast, providing some relief to Brisbane residents who are expected to avoid the storm's worst impacts. Thousands have evacuated, and significant power outages are reported, along with warnings from officials about severe weather conditions expected to escalate in the coming days. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese highlighted the serious nature of the cyclone's effects, urging citizens to remain indoors as the storm continues to bring strong winds and heavy rainfall.

Man Charged with Manslaughter After Louisiana Student Hazing Death Δ1.64

Caleb McCray has been charged with manslaughter in connection to the death of 20-year-old Caleb Wilson, who collapsed after allegedly being punched multiple times during a hazing ritual at Southern University. The incident has sparked outrage and grief within the community, as it highlights the ongoing issues surrounding hazing practices in educational institutions. As the investigation continues, Southern University has suspended all Greek organizations from accepting new members for the academic year.

Raspberry Pi 5 Powers Cyberpunk Themed Brain Scanner Δ1.64

The Civitas Universe has developed a unique brain scanner called the Neuro Photonic R5 Flow Cyberdeck, which utilizes the Raspberry Pi 5 to interpret real-time brain waves for interactive use. This innovative project combines a used Muse 2 headset with a custom cyberpunk-themed housing, allowing users to control the brightness of a light bulb based on their mental focus and relaxation levels. By programming the headset with CircuitPython, the creator showcases the potential of integrating technology and mindfulness practices in an engaging manner.

Study: Megalodon’s Body Shape Was Closer to a Lemon Shark Δ1.64

Recent research indicates that the ancient megalodon likely had a body shape more akin to that of a lemon shark rather than the stocky form of a great white shark, as previously thought. This conclusion is supported by an analysis of fossilized vertebrae, which suggests a slender build that would have been more efficient for swimming and hunting. The study also posits that baby megalodons were comparable in size to great white sharks and capable of predation from a young age.

Microsoft Discoveries Vulnerable Software Attack. Δ1.64

Microsoft has confirmed that its Windows drivers and software are being exploited by hackers through zero-day attacks, allowing them to escalate privileges and potentially drop ransomware on affected machines. The company patched five flaws in a kernel-level driver for Paragon Partition Manager, which were apparently found in BioNTdrv.sys, a piece of software used by the partition manager. Users are urged to apply updates as soon as possible to secure their systems.

Droplets of Less Volatile Liquids Can Bounce Off Any Surface Δ1.64

Hot droplets of less volatile liquids like soybean oil and silicone oil have lower saturation pressures than water, allowing them to bounce off any surface. The Hong Kong physicists discovered that by using these hot droplets on various cold surfaces, they could achieve enhanced bouncing due to the faster cooling rate at the bottom of the droplet compared to its top. This phenomenon, dubbed "self-lubricated bouncing," has significant implications for improving combustion efficiency and fire-retardant coatings.